write about Tin atom?

     

Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50.  Tin is a silvery metal that characteristically has a faint yellow hue.  Tin, like indium, is soft enough to be cut without much force.  When a bar of tin is bent, the so-called "tin cry" can be heard as a result of twinning in tin crystals; this trait is shared by indium, cadmium, and frozen mercury.  Pure tin after solidifying keeps a mirror-like appearance similar to most metals.  However, in most tin alloys the metal solidifies with a dull gray color. Tin is a post-transition metal in group 14 of the periodic table of elements. 

     It is obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite, which contains stannic oxide,  SnO2.  Tin shows a chemical similarity to both of its neighbors in group 14,  germanium and lead, and has two main oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4.  Tin is the 49th most abundant element on Earth and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table, thanks to its magic number of protons.  It has two main allotropes;  at room temperature, the stable allotrope is beta tin, silvery-white malleable metal, but at low temperature, it transforms into the less densegrey alfa tin, which has the diamond cubic structure. 

     In modern times, tin is used in many alloys most  notably tin/lead soft solders, which are typically 60% or more tin, and in the manufacture of transparent, electrically conduting films of indium tin oxide in optoelectronic application.