Solubility

      In chemistry solubility is the ability of ta substance, the solute, to form a solution with another substance, the solvent.  Insolubility is the opposite property, the inability of the solute to form such a solution.  

     The extent of the solubility of a substance in a specific solvent is generally measured as the concentration of the solute in a saturated solution, one in which no more solute can be dissolved.  At this pointy, the two substances are said to be at the solubility equilibrium.

     The solute can be  solid, a liquid, or a gas, while the solvent is usually solid or liquid.  Both may be pure substances, or may themselves be solution. 

     The solubility mainly depends on the composition of solute and solvent( including their pH and the presence of other dissolved substances) as well as on temperature and pressure.  The dependency can often be explained in terms of interactions between the particles(atoms, molecules, or ions) of the two substances, and of thermodynamic concepts such as enthaply and entropy.

TYPES OF SOLUBILITY:

     Under saturated:

     It is a state of a solution that contain less of a solute than could be a dissolved by that quantity of solvent under normal circumstances.

     Saturated:

     Solvent holds as much solute as is possible at at that temperature.

     Dissolved solute is in dynamic equilibrium with solid solute particles.

     Unsaturated:

     Less than the amount of the solute for that temperature is dissolved in the solvent.

     Supersaturated:

     Solvent holds more solute than is normally possible at that temperature.